No one says it better than Bishop Robert Barron!
Recently, the bishops of California made a statement regarding
the attacks on the statues of St. Junipero Serra in San Francisco,
Ventura, and Los Angeles. While acknowledging that there
are legitimate concerns about racism both historical and contemporary, we
insisted that the characterization of Serra as the moral equivalent of Hitler
and the missions he founded as tantamount to death camps is simply
unconscionable.
I put a
link to this statement on my own Word on Fire social media accounts and was
gratified to see that many people read it and commented upon it. My purpose in
this article is not to examine the specific issues surrounding Padre Serra but
rather to respond to a number of remarks in the comboxes that point to what I
think is a real failure to understand a key teaching of Vatican II.
Over and
again, perhaps a hundred times, commentators said some version of this: “Well,
bishop, making a statement is all fine and good, but what are you and the other
bishops going to do about it?”
Now almost
none of these questioners made a concrete suggestion as to what precisely they
had in mind, but I will gladly admit that there are certain practical steps
that bishops can and should take in regard to such a situation. We can indeed
lobby politicians, encourage legislative changes, and call community leaders
together, all of which bishops have been doing. But what struck me again and
again as I read these rather taunting remarks is that these folks, primarily
lay men and women, are putting way too much onus on the clergy and not nearly
enough on themselves.
But what
struck me again and again as I read these rather taunting remarks is that these
folks, primarily lay men and women, are putting way too much onus on the clergy
and not nearly enough on themselves.
According
to the documents of Vatican II, the clergy are, by ordination, “priests,
prophets, and kings.” As priests, they sanctify the people of God through the
sacraments; as prophets, they speak the divine word and form the minds and
hearts of their flocks; and as kings, they order the charisms of the community
toward the realization of the Kingdom
of God. Accordingly, the
immediate area of concern for bishops and priests is the Church, that is to
say, the community of the baptized.
Now the
laity, by virtue of their baptism, are also priests, prophets, and kings (Lumen
Gentium, 31)—but their sanctifying, teaching, and governing work is directed,
not so much inwardly to the Church, but outwardly to the world. For the Vatican
II fathers, the proper arena of the laity is the saeculum (the
secular order), and their task is the Christification of that realm. They are
charged to take the teaching, direction, and sanctification that they have
received from the priests and bishops and then go forth, equipped to transform
the world and thereby find their own path to holiness.
It’s worth quoting
Vatican II directly here, from Lumen Gentium:
"What
specifically characterizes the laity is their secular nature. It is true that
those in holy orders can at times be engaged in secular activities, and even
have a secular profession. But they are by reason of their particular vocation
especially and professedly ordained to the sacred ministry. Similarly, by their
state in life, religious give splendid and striking testimony that the world
cannot be transformed and offered to God without the spirit of the beatitudes.
But the
laity, by their very vocation, seek the kingdom of God
by engaging in temporal affairs and by ordering them according to the plan of
God. They live in the world, that is, in each and in all of the secular
professions and occupations. They live in the ordinary circumstances of family
and social life, from which the very web of their existence is woven. They are
called there by God that by exercising their proper function and led by the
spirit of the Gospel they may work for the sanctification of the world from
within as a leaven.
In this way
they may make Christ known to others, especially by the testimony of a life
resplendent in faith, hope and charity. Therefore, since they are tightly bound
up in all types of temporal affairs it is their special task to order and to
throw light upon these affairs in such a way that they may come into being and
then continually increase according to Christ to the praise of the Creator and
the Redeemer. "(Lumen Gentium, 31)
|
A Light to the Nations |
Great
Catholic lawyers, great Catholic politicians, great Catholic university
professors, great Catholic physicians and nurses, great Catholic investors and
financiers, great Catholic law enforcement officers, great Catholic writers and
critics, great Catholic entertainers, each in his or her special area of
competence, is meant to bring Christ to the society and the culture.
And when I
say “Catholic” here, I don’t mean incidentally so or merely privately so, but
rather vibrantly and publicly so. This Christification of the culture ought
never, of course, to be done aggressively, for as John Paul II said, the Church
never imposes but only proposes, but it is indeed to be done confidently,
boldly, and through concrete action.
It would be
instructive to apply these principles to the present situation in our culture.
The crisis precipitated by the brutal killing of George Floyd is one that
involves many dimensions of our society: law, the police, education,
government, neighborhoods, families, etc. Priests and bishops, to be sure,
ought to teach clearly and publicly. The declaration mentioned above and the
American bishops’ pastoral statement against racism from a year ago, "Open Wide Our Hearts", are good examples of this.
But I would
argue that the lion’s share of the work regarding this massive societal problem
belongs to those whose proper arena is the society and whose expertise lies
precisely in the relevant areas of concern, namely, the laity. If I may be
blunt, the question ought not be, “what are the bishops doing about it?” but
rather, “what can I and my Christian friends do about it?”
The last
thing I would like to do is to stir up any rivalry or resentment between clergy
and laity—on the contrary. Following the prompts of the Vatican II documents, I
have been stressing the symbiotic relationship that ought to obtain between
them. And if I might propose a concrete example of this symbiosis, I would draw
your attention to the Catholic Action model that flourished in the years prior
to the Council but which, sadly and surprisingly, fell into desuetude after
Vatican II.
In accord
with the framework proposed by Cardinal Cardijn, the founder of Catholic
Action, a priest would meet with a relatively small group of parishioners who
shared a common interest or vocation, say, physicians, or lawyers, or
financiers, or business leaders. The spiritual leader would interpret Scripture
or lay out some relevant teaching of the Church and then invite his
interlocutors to “see, judge, and act.” That is to say, he would encourage them
to be attentive to the area of their professional interest, then to judge the
situations they typically face in light of the Gospel and Church teaching, and
finally to resolve to act on the basis of those judgments.
When it was
functioning at its best, Catholic Action involved priests and laity, each
operating in their proper spheres and working together for the transformation
of the world.
Not a bad
approach to the cultural crisis in which we currently find ourselves.